AP Physics 1: Algebra-Based FRQ Room
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AP Physics 1: Algebra-Based Free Response Questions
The best way to get better at FRQs is practice. Browse through dozens of practice AP Physics 1: Algebra-Based FRQs to get ready for the big day.
Acceleration from a Velocity-Time Graph
A velocity vs. time graph is provided for an object moving along a straight line, represented by the
Acceleration on an Inclined Plane
Design an experiment to study the acceleration of a toy car on an inclined plane, focusing on how va
Air Resistance Negligence in Projectile Motion Error
A student performs an experiment to investigate projectile motion by launching a ball at various ang
Analysis of Angled Motion
A projectile is launched with horizontal and vertical velocity components of $$15$$ m/s and $$20$$ m
Analysis of Motion on a Curved Path with Direction Changes
A runner completes a course consisting of three segments: 200 m along a curved path moving forward,
Analyzing a Position vs. Time Graph
Examine the provided position vs. time graph for an object moving along a straight line and answer t
Analyzing Motion from Time-Dependent Acceleration Data
A vehicle undergoes non-uniform acceleration. Analyze its motion using the following acceleration da
Analyzing Variable Acceleration
An object's velocity is measured at different times as shown below. Use the data to analyze the acce
Angled Motion: Design and Analysis
A cannon fires a projectile with an initial speed of $$50 m/s$$ at an angle of $$40^{\circ}$$ above
Average Speed vs. Average Velocity on a Circular Track
This question investigates the difference between average speed and average velocity. Consider a car
Average Speed vs. Instantaneous Velocity in Commute Analysis
A commuter’s daily travel is recorded on a detailed position vs. time chart which includes periods o
Car Acceleration and Deceleration Analysis
A car undergoes a three-phase journey. First, it accelerates uniformly from rest with an acceleratio
Circular Motion Experiment and Centripetal Acceleration
A rotating platform experiment uses an object attached to a string, spun at different speeds. The ob
Circular Track Analysis: Distance vs. Displacement
A runner is recorded while running on a circular track. The following table shows measurements at va
Comparative Analysis of Distance vs. Displacement on a Winding Path
An object is set to traverse a course that includes various curves and turns. Design an experiment w
Designing a Motion Experiment: Investigating Distance, Displacement, Speed, and Velocity
You are tasked with designing an experiment using a motion sensor and a track to investigate the rel
Designing a Motion Sensor Experiment
A team is tasked with designing an experiment to track the acceleration of a toy car along a straigh
Determining Average and Instantaneous Velocity
The following table lists the position of an object at various times. Use this data to distinguish b
Distance and Displacement Conceptual Analysis
A car travels along a curved route such that the total distance traveled is $$200\ m$$, while its ne
Distance and Displacement from Position Data
An object is moving along a straight line and its position is recorded at various times as shown in
Distance and Displacement: A Walk in the Park
An individual takes a walk through a park following four segments: 10 m east, 5 m north, 10 m west,
Distance vs. Displacement Analysis
An object travels along a straight line and reverses direction midway. Analyze the provided position
Effects of Friction on Motion
A block is sliding on a horizontal surface with an initial speed of 12 m/s. Due to friction, the blo
Effects of Initial Launch Angle on Projectile Range
A researcher launches a projectile with an initial speed of 25 m/s at various angles. The table belo
Energy Implications of Distance vs. Displacement
A roller coaster car travels a path where the total distance covered is 200 m, but its net displacem
Energy Transformations on a Roller Coaster Track
A student constructs a model roller coaster and records measurements of height and speed at several
Evaluating Motion from Position vs Time Graph: Acceleration Analysis
Examine the following position vs time graph represented by the function $$s(t)=5*t - 0.1*t^3$$. Ans
Experimental Design: Projectile Range and Launch Angle
This question asks you to design an experiment to investigate how the launch angle affects the range
Experimental Exploration of Distance and Displacement
A mini car is programmed to follow a winding track with curves and turns. Design a laboratory experi
Exploring Non-Uniform Acceleration Through Variable Force Application
Some systems experience non-uniform acceleration when variable forces are applied. Design an experim
Free Fall Motion and Gravitational Acceleration
In a free fall experiment, an object is dropped from various heights and the time taken to reach the
Frictionless Track Motion Analysis Experiment
A cart is launched on a so-called frictionless track and its motion is recorded using sensors. The e
Graphical Analysis: Position, Velocity, and Acceleration
A researcher collects data on an object's motion and produces three graphs: a Position vs. Time grap
Graphical Representation of Kinematic Equations (BIG FIVE)
Several graphs are provided, each purportedly representing one of the BIG FIVE kinematic equations o
Interpreting Complex Motion Graphs
Examine the Position vs. Time graph provided, which shows two distinct segments of motion, and analy
Investigating Scalar and Vector Quantities: Speed vs. Velocity
Design a laboratory experiment to measure an object's speed and velocity using motion sensors and ti
Motion on an Incline: Kinematics and Friction
A ball rolls down an inclined plane and its position is recorded over time. Answer the following par
Motion on an Inclined Plane
A ball starts from rest and rolls down a smooth inclined plane of length $$10 \text{ m}$$ with a uni
Multi-phase Problem on Uniformly Accelerated Motion with Multiple Phases
A car undergoes a three-phase journey: it accelerates from rest, cruises at constant speed, and then
Multi-Stage Motion Analysis
A vehicle undergoes three stages of motion: (1) accelerates uniformly from rest at 2 m/s² for 5 s, (
Pendulum Experiment to Measure Gravity
A researcher uses a simple pendulum to determine the acceleration due to gravity. Small swing angles
Position vs. Time Graph Experiment
A position versus time graph of a moving object is provided (see graph stimulus). You are required t
Projectile Motion Launch Error
A student sets up a projectile launcher to study the range of a ball. The launcher is fixed at a spe
Projectile Motion with Angled Launch
A ball is launched with an initial speed $$v_{0} = 20 m/s$$ at an angle $$\theta = 30^\circ$$ with r
Projectile Motion: Launched Ball
A ball is launched from ground level at an angle of $$30^\circ$$ with an initial speed of $$20\,m/s$
Railgun Motion Analysis: Evaluating Claims About High-Speed Acceleration
A research group claims that their railgun experiment achieved a uniform acceleration of $$1000\ m/s
Relative Motion Analysis of Two Objects
Two objects, A and B, are moving along the same straight line. Use the information below to analyze
Resolving Force Components on an Inclined Plane
A 10-kg block rests on a 30° inclined plane. Analyze the gravitational forces by resolving the weigh
Roller Coaster Motion Analysis
A roller coaster undergoes three consecutive stages: firstly, it accelerates from 0 m/s to 20 m/s un
Simulated Impact Test: Speed and Velocity
In a crash simulation lab, a test vehicle decelerates from a high speed and various sensors record i
Transition from Uniform to Non-Uniform Acceleration
Design an experiment to investigate the conditions under which an object transitions from uniform to
Uniform Acceleration with the BIG FIVE Equations
A car accelerates uniformly from rest.
Uniform Acceleration: Car Motion Analysis
A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly at $$4 \text{ m/s}^2$$ for $$5 \text{ s}$$.
Uniformly Accelerated Motion for a Car
A car starting from rest accelerates uniformly with an acceleration of $$a = 3 \;m/s^2$$ for a time
Uniformly Accelerated Motion of a Car
A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly over a period of time. Use the BIG FIVE equations t
Uniformly Accelerated Motion with the BIG FIVE Equations
This question requires you to apply the BIG FIVE equations of motion to analyze uniformly accelerate
Uniformly Accelerated Motion: Big Five Equations
A car starting from rest (initial velocity $$u = 0$$) accelerates uniformly at $$3\ m/s^2$$ for 8 s.
Using Graphical Data to Determine Acceleration
A set of experimental data is provided in the table below showing the velocity of an object over tim
Validation of Projectile Motion Equations
In an experiment on projectile motion, measured ranges and theoretical ranges were recorded for thre
Vector Addition: Calculating Net Force
This question requires you to resolve force vectors into components and determine the net force acti
Acceleration vs. Net Force Graph Analysis
A series of experiments are conducted where various net forces are applied to an object of constant
Analysis of an Acceleration vs. Time Graph
A graph of acceleration versus time for an object is provided. Use the graph to analyze the impulse
Analyzing Friction Forces in a Sled on Snow
A sled of mass $$m = 20 * (kg)$$ is sliding on a snowy surface where the coefficient of kinetic fric
Application of Newton’s Laws in Sports Dynamics: The Soccer Ball Kick
A sports science article claims that the acceleration of a soccer ball immediately after being kicke
Applying Newton's Second Law
Investigate Newton's Second Law through both theoretical derivation and experimental data.
Centripetal Force in Circular Motion
Explore the dynamics of circular motion and the associated centripetal force acting on an object.
Circular Motion and Centripetal Force
A small mass of 0.2 kg is attached to a string and rotated in a horizontal circle of radius 0.5 m at
Comparing Gravitational and Inertial Mass
In a laboratory experiment, a student measures the gravitational force on an unknown mass using a sp
Comparing Gravitational and Inertial Mass Experiment
An experiment is designed to compare gravitational mass with inertial mass. The experiment applies k
Comparing Gravitational and Inertial Mass in a Vacuum
An experiment is conducted in a vacuum chamber to test the equivalence of gravitational and inertial
Comprehensive Analysis of Force Equilibrium in a Bridge Model
A model bridge is constructed with various supports and struts. Force sensors are attached to measur
Dynamic Analysis of a Swinging Pendulum
A simple pendulum with length $$L = 1.2 * (m)$$ and mass $$m = 0.4 * (kg)$$ is displaced to an angle
Dynamics Experiment 20: Velocity Dependence of Drag Force in a Tunneling Experiment
A student conducts an experiment by releasing a sphere into a tunnel filled with a gas to study the
Dynamics FRQ #17: Two-Block Spring System
Two blocks of masses 2.0 kg and 3.0 kg are connected by a light spring with a spring constant of 200
Dynamics of a Block on an Incline with Applied Force
An experiment investigates the motion of a block on an inclined plane while an additional force is a
Dynamics of a Multi-Block Pulley System
Two blocks with masses $$m_1 = 4\ \text{kg}$$ and $$m_2 = 6\ \text{kg}$$ are connected by a rope ove
Dynamics of a Multi-Force System: Tension, Normal, and Friction
A 4 kg block sits on a 20° inclined plane and is attached via a rope to a 2 kg hanging mass over a f
Dynamics of a Suspended Mass: Tension Analysis
A mass \(m\) is suspended by a rope. Analyze the forces acting on the mass when it is at rest and wh
Dynamics of a Two-Block System on a Frictionless Surface
Two blocks with masses $$m_1 = 3.0\; kg$$ and $$m_2 = 5.0\; kg$$ are connected by a light, inextensi
Dynamics of a Two-Mass Pulley System
A two-mass system is set up with mass $$m_1 = 4 ~kg$$ on a horizontal surface that has kinetic frict
Dynamics on a Frictionless Surface
In a controlled laboratory setting, a cart is observed moving at a constant velocity on a nearly fri
Dynamics Problem 2: Forces on an Inclined Plane
A block of mass $$m = 8\ kg$$ is placed on a frictionless incline that makes an angle $$\theta = 30^
Dynamics Problem 7: Action-Reaction in Skater Push-Off
Two ice skaters, Skater A (mass = $$50\ kg$$) and Skater B (mass = $$70\ kg$$), stand at rest on a f
Dynamics Problem 15: Equilibrium and Net Force
A horizontal beam is held in static equilibrium by several forces acting on it. The forces include a
Effect of Changing Mass on a Rotating Platform Dynamics
A person stands on a frictionless rotating platform holding weights. Initially, with the weights hel
Examining the Limits of Newton's Laws at High Speeds
A researcher explores a hypothetical scenario in which an object moves at speeds approaching a signi
Experimental Determination of Object Mass using Acceleration Data
A cart on a nearly frictionless track is pulled by a constant force in several experiments. The acce
Forces in a Two-Box Pulley System
Investigate the forces acting in a two-box pulley system and derive the acceleration of the system.
Forces on an Inclined Plane
Analyze the dynamics of an object on an inclined plane with friction and an applied force.
Frictional Force and Acceleration Experiment
Students investigate the relationship between applied force and acceleration on a dynamics cart by a
FRQ2: Projectile Motion Analysis Using a Velocity-Time Graph
A projectile is launched vertically upward. A velocity vs. time graph is provided. Analyze the graph
FRQ7: Pulley System Dynamics with Tension
In a two-mass pulley system, acceleration measurements were taken for different mass configurations.
Gravitational Mass vs. Inertial Mass Experiment
Students designed an experiment to compare gravitational mass and inertial mass using separate proce
Gravitational vs. Inertial Mass Analysis
Analyze and compare gravitational mass and inertial mass in the context of dynamics.
Impact of Force Angle on Net Force Magnitude
A student investigates how the angle between two applied forces affects the net force acting on an o
Inclined Plane Experiment: Investigating Frictional Forces
A group of students claims that the coefficient of static friction for a wood block on an inclined p
Interpreting a Diagram with Force Discrepancies
A diagram is provided that purports to show all the forces acting on a block on a sloped surface, bu
Investigating Circular Motion on a Banked Curve
A car negotiates a banked curve with radius $$r = 50 * (m)$$ and bank angle $$\theta = 20^\circ$$. A
Investigating Friction on an Inclined Plane
A researcher is studying the dynamics of a block sliding down an inclined plane to investigate the e
Investigating Inertial Mass through Force Application Experiments
A student runs an experiment to measure inertial mass by applying different known forces to an objec
Investigating the Equivalence of Gravitational and Inertial Mass
Design an experiment to compare measurements of gravitational mass and inertial mass, thereby testin
Investigation of Normal Force Variation on Curved Surfaces
Students use a dynamics cart to travel along a curved track to examine how the normal force changes
Mass-Spring System and Dynamics
A mass-spring system consists of a 2 kg mass attached to a spring with a spring constant of $$k = 50
Measuring Gravitational Acceleration with a Simple Pendulum
Design an experiment using a simple pendulum to determine the local acceleration due to gravity (g).
Measuring Gravitational vs. Inertial Mass Experiment
Design an experiment to demonstrate the equivalence of gravitational mass and inertial mass.
Multi-Stage Motion Under Changing Forces
A student performs an experiment where an object is subjected to different constant forces in two di
Newton's Third Law in Collisions
A diagram illustrating two carts colliding on a frictionless track is provided (see stimulus). Each
Quantitative Analysis of Tension in a Dual-Pulley System
In a dual-pulley system experiment, it was claimed that the tensions measured in the rope deviate fr
Static Equilibrium in a Pulley System
Two masses $$m_1$$ and $$m_2$$ are connected by a light string over a frictionless and massless pull
Tension Forces in a Pulley System
A student examines a simple pulley system with two connected masses. The table below shows the measu
Theoretical Impact of Air Resistance on a Falling Object
A 2.0-kg object is dropped and falls under gravity while experiencing an air resistance (drag) force
Angular to Linear Kinematics in Circular Motion
A point on a rotating disk moves in a circle of radius $$r$$ at a constant angular speed $$\omega$$.
Ball on a String Dynamics
A ball of mass $$m = 0.2\,kg$$ is attached to a string of length $$L = 1.5\,m$$ and is swung so that
Car on a Circular Track: Maximum Speed Analysis
A car of mass $$m$$ negotiates a circular turn of radius $$r$$ on a level road. The maximum static f
Car Tire Circular Motion Analysis
A car of mass $$m = 1200\,kg$$ is turning along a circular track of radius $$r = 40\,m$$ at a speed
Centripetal Force on a Banked Curve
A car navigates a frictionless banked curve of radius $$r$$ and bank angle $$\theta$$. Using a free-
Comparative Study of Orbital Velocities: Terrestrial vs. Celestial Bodies
Design a simulation experiment to compare the orbital velocities of objects orbiting Earth and anoth
Comparing Gravitational Acceleration on Different Planets
A spacecraft conducts free fall experiments on two different planets to measure gravitational accele
Consequences of Uniform Circular Motion in Orbiting Systems
A satellite in a stable circular orbit around Earth relies on the balance between gravitational forc
Designing a Circular Track Experiment
Design a laboratory experiment to measure the centripetal acceleration of an object moving in unifor
Designing a Rotational Space Station
Engineers wish to design a rotating space station in the shape of a ring with a radius of $$100 \;m$
Determining Angular Speed from Tangential Speed
A rotating disc has a marked point on its edge, and its tangential speed is measured directly. Use t
Dynamic Equilibrium Under Gravitational and Buoyant Forces
An object is floating in a fluid where the upward buoyant force equals its weight, thereby achieving
Effect of Magnetic Forces on Uniform Circular Motion
Design an experiment to investigate how an applied magnetic field influences the circular motion of
Electric Force and Coulomb's Law Analysis
This problem investigates electric forces by requiring application of Coulomb's Law.
Electric vs. Gravitational Forces
Two small spheres each have a mass of $$m_1 = m_2 = 0.01\,kg$$ and carry an equal charge of $$q_1 =
Evaluating Centripetal Force in a Car Turning a Curve
A study on car dynamics on curved roads provided data on car speeds, curve radii, and the correspond
Examining the Effects of Altering Angular Speed on Apparent Weight
In a centrifuge, a sample experiences a change in its apparent weight as the rotational speed increa
Free-Body Diagram for Circular Motion in a Loop-the-Loop
A roller coaster car of mass 500 kg navigates a loop-the-loop with a radius of 12 m. Answer the foll
Free-Fall Analysis Near a Spherical Body
An object is dropped from rest near the surface of a spherical body with mass $$M$$ and radius $$R$$
Investigating Free Fall using Sensor Data
An object is dropped in a vacuum chamber and its displacement is recorded over time using a high-spe
Investigating the Effect of Mass Variation on Circular Motion
Two objects with different masses travel at the same speed along the same circular path. Analyze the
Liquid Spinning Experiment Analysis
In a laboratory experiment, a cylindrical container with a radius of $$0.5 \;m$$ is filled with liqu
Measuring the Effect of Friction on Circular Motion
Design an experiment to assess how frictional forces affect uniform circular motion on a track. Your
Misinterpretation of Free Fall and Centripetal Forces in Lab
A student conducts simultaneous experiments on free fall and circular motion, expecting that the acc
Multi-Part Analysis of a Rotational Dynamics Experiment
In an experiment studying rotational dynamics, measurements of tangential speed, centripetal acceler
Planetary Surface Gravity Comparison
Gravitational acceleration at the surface of a planet is given by $$g = \frac{G M}{r^2}$$. Consider
Predicting Motion Changes: Variation in Radius
An object moves in a circular path at constant speed. Consider the effect of changing the radius on
Satellite Orbit and Gravitational Force
A satellite is orbiting Earth in a nearly circular orbit. Earth's gravitational force provides the n
Satellite Orbital Dynamics
A satellite of mass 500 kg orbits Earth in a circular orbit 300 km above the surface. Assume Earth’s
Surface Gravity on Mars vs. Earth
Mars has a mass of approximately 0.107 times the mass of Earth and a radius approximately 0.532 time
Theoretical Analysis of a Particle in a Circular Orbit under Electric Force
Consider a particle of mass $$m$$ and charge $$q$$ moving in a circular orbit under the influence of
Transition from Circular to Linear Motion
A ball is swung in a circular path with a constant speed of $$7 \;m/s$$. At a certain moment, the st
Analysis of Braking Work in a Car Deceleration
A researcher investigates the deceleration process of a car. A car of mass $$m = 1200 \; kg$$ is tra
Analysis of Energy Conservation in Free-Fall Motion
A ball is dropped from various heights and its speed just before impact is recorded using a motion s
Analysis of Energy in a Rolling Cylinder
A student performs an experiment in which a cylinder rolls down an inclined plane without slipping.
Analysis of Mechanical Energy Conservation in a Pendulum
A pendulum with a 2 kg bob is released from a height of 1.5 m above its lowest point. Answer the fol
Average Power Output in a Weightlifting Task
A weightlifter lifts a 60 kg weight vertically to a height of 1.5 m in 2 seconds. Answer the followi
Comparative Analysis of Work in Different Force Directions
A researcher pushes two identical boxes under different conditions. In Case A, the force is applied
Comparative Power Outputs in Different Systems
Two machines are used for similar tasks. Machine A operates at a constant power output of $$2000\;W$
Comparing Work and Efficiency in Lifting Methods
In a study comparing two lifting methods, one using a mechanical crane and the other manual human li
Conservation of Energy in a Bouncing Ball
A 0.3 kg ball is dropped from a height of 2.5 m and rebounds to a height of 1.8 m. The experiment in
Determining Efficiency in a Simple Machine
A simple machine was tested in three separate trials. Data for each trial are provided in the table
Determining the Efficiency of a Simple Machine
Students design an experiment using a pulley system to lift a load. The input work (force times disp
Energy Conservation in a Bouncing Ball Experiment
Design a controlled experiment to verify the conservation of mechanical energy in a bouncing ball. E
Energy Efficiency of a Machine
A machine receives an energy input of $$1000 J$$ and converts part of this energy into useful work.
Evaluating Mechanical Energy during a Bounce
Analyze the experimental data from a bouncing ball that tracks bounce height and kinetic energy at i
Evaluating Work in a Multi-Stage Lifting Process
In an industrial setting, a machine lifts an item in two stages. In Stage 1, the item is raised 2 m
Potential Energy Variation in a Multi-Level Building
An elevator travels in a building that has floors at 0 m (ground), 3 m (first floor), and 18 m (top
Ramp Experiment for Work-Energy Theorem
In this experiment, a student studies the work-energy theorem by letting a cart slide down an inclin
Work and Energy in Circular Motion
Analyze the experimental data from a vertical loop where an object's speed is recorded at different
Work and Power in a Jump
An athlete of mass 70 kg jumps upward and reaches a peak height of 0.8 m. The take-off time is measu
Work Done Against Friction on a Sliding Block
A block slides on a rough horizontal surface and comes to a stop due to friction. The work done by f
Work Done by a Variable Force
In an experiment, a cart is subjected to a variable force along its displacement. A graph of force v
Work on an Inclined Plane with Friction
A 2 kg block slides down a 30° inclined plane that is 4 m long. The coefficient of kinetic friction
Work-Energy Theorem in Motion Analysis
A 3 kg block, initially at rest, is accelerated along a horizontal surface and reaches a speed of 8
Air Track Momentum Experiment
In an air track experiment, two gliders undergo a collision. Glider 1 (mass $$0.50\,kg$$) has an ini
Billiards Collision Analysis
In a game of billiards, a cue ball collides with a stationary target ball. Data regarding the masses
Coefficient of Restitution in Collisions
A 1.0 kg ball moving at 8 m/s collides head-on with a 1.0 kg ball moving at -2 m/s. After the collis
Collision Analysis: Elastic vs Inelastic
In a collision experiment, two carts with masses $$m_1 = 1$$ kg and $$m_2 = 2$$ kg are used. In one
Comparative Impulse Analysis
Two collision scenarios are conducted in a laboratory: Scenario A: A constant average force of 2000
Conservation of Momentum in a Collision Experiment
In an experiment using two carts on a frictionless track, the following data was recorded: | Cart |
Conservation of Momentum in an Elastic Collision
Two ice skaters initially at rest push off each other on a frictionless ice surface. Skater A (mass
Data Analysis of Collision from Velocity Graph
The velocity vs. time graph for Glider A during a collision on an air track is provided. Assume Glid
Designing a Lab Experiment to Measure Impulse
You are tasked with designing an experiment to measure the impulse delivered to a cart during a coll
Effect of Mass Variation on Momentum
Consider a collision between two objects with different masses. The data are given in the table belo
Flawed Timing Measurements in a Cart Collision Experiment
In this experiment, two carts on an air track collide, and photocell timers are used to measure the
Impulse and its Graphical Representation
A force versus time graph with both positive and negative force regions is provided. Analyze the gra
Impulse and Momentum in Baseball Bat Design
Engineers are investigating how the mass and swing speed of a baseball bat affect the impulse delive
Incorrect Summation of Vectors in a Multi-Dimensional Collision Study
In this experiment, objects collide on an air track in a two-dimensional plane and their momenta are
Investigating Momentum Conservation in a Pendulum Collision
Two pendulum bobs, each of mass $$1.5 \ kg$$, are suspended. Bob A is set in motion and collides wit
Momentum Change in a Soccer Kick
A soccer ball with a mass of 0.43 kg is initially at rest. A player kicks the ball, and it reaches a
Momentum in Two-Dimensional Collisions
Two objects collide in a two-dimensional setting. Object A (mass = 2 kg) moves east at 6 m/s, and Ob
Momentum Transfer in a Baseball Collision
A 0.145 kg baseball is traveling at 40 m/s towards a bat. After being hit, it rebounds in the opposi
Momentum Transfer in an Explosion
A stationary object with mass $$12\,kg$$ explodes into two fragments. One fragment, with a mass of $
Neglecting Air Resistance in a Falling Object Impact Experiment
In this experiment, an object is dropped from a height and its impact velocity is measured to calcul
Projectile Collision with Moving Object
A 0.2 kg projectile is fired horizontally at 50 m/s and collides with a 0.8 kg block moving to the r
Rocket Launch Momentum Analysis
A rocket initially at rest has a total mass of $$500 \ kg$$. It ejects $$50 \ kg$$ of fuel at a velo
Rocket Propulsion and Momentum Conservation
A rocket in space propels itself by ejecting fuel at a constant exhaust velocity. As the fuel is exp
Two-Dimensional Collision of Skaters
Two ice skaters participate in an experiment. Skater A (mass $$50\,kg$$) moves at $$2\,m/s$$ at an a
Understanding Momentum in Car Crash Reconstruction
In accident reconstruction, conservation of momentum is a key principle. Consider two vehicles: Car
Amplitude Effects on Energy
A researcher examines how changes in amplitude affect the total mechanical energy of a mass-spring s
Calculating Energy Loss in a Damped Oscillator
In a damped oscillator, the amplitude decays over time due to energy dissipation. (a) Derive the ex
Comparative Analysis: Mass-Spring vs. Pendulum SHM
Two experiments are conducted: one with a mass-spring oscillator and one with a simple pendulum. Bot
Comparing Mass-Spring and Pendulum Oscillators
Consider two systems: System A: A 0.3 kg mass attached to a spring with a spring constant k = 180 N/
Conservation of Energy in a Mass-Spring Oscillator
A block attached to a spring oscillates on a frictionless surface. At a displacement $$x_1$$, the sp
Derivation of Acceleration in SHM from Newton's Second Law
Derive the acceleration expression for a system undergoing simple harmonic motion using Newton's Sec
Determining the Damping Coefficient from Experimental Data
An experiment on a damped oscillator recorded its amplitude at different times. The data is shown in
Determining the Period of a Simple Pendulum
A simple pendulum has a period given by $$T = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{L}{g}}$$. Consider a pendulum with a
Effect of Changing Mass on Frequency of SHM
In a mass-spring system with a constant spring constant, the mass is gradually increased. Answer the
Effect of Spring Constant on Oscillation
The spring constant (k) affects the angular frequency and period of oscillation in a mass-spring sys
Energy Conservation in SHM and Pendulum Systems
Energy conservation is a central concept in oscillatory motion. Answer the following:
Exploring SHM in Pendulums
Examine the validity of the small-angle approximation used in simple pendulum motion.
Force Analysis in SHM
Analyze the force exerted by a spring on a mass undergoing simple harmonic motion using Hooke's law.
Graphical Analysis of SHM Displacement
Examine the displacement vs. time graph of an object undergoing simple harmonic motion represented b
Impact of Gravitational Acceleration on Pendulum Period
A researcher studies how the period of a simple pendulum is affected by changes in gravitational acc
Investigating SHM through Electrical Analogues
Electrical circuits containing inductors and capacitors can exhibit oscillatory behavior analogous t
Mass-Spring Energy and Oscillations
Consider a block of mass $$m$$ attached to a spring with spring constant $$k$$ undergoing simple har
Mass-Spring Oscillator Analysis
Consider a mass on a spring undergoing SHM described by the displacement equation $$ x = A * \cos(\o
Mass-Spring Oscillator Data Analysis
A researcher investigates a mass-spring oscillator system by varying the mass attached to a spring a
Measurement Uncertainty in SHM Parameters
A student performs an experiment to measure the period, amplitude, and angular frequency of a mass-s
Pendulum Motion and Approximations
Consider a pendulum used in a clock, for which the period is given by $$T = 2\pi \sqrt{L/g}$$. This
Pendulum Period Calculation
A simple pendulum in a clock tower has a length L = 2.5 m. Answer the following: (a) Derive the expr
Pendulum Period Investigation
A researcher is studying the period of a simple pendulum. The period is given by $$T = 2\pi \sqrt{\f
Phase Angle Determination in SHM
Determine the phase angle in a mass-spring oscillator using initial conditions.
Phase Difference and Interference in Coupled Oscillatory Systems
Two identical mass-spring oscillators, each given by $$x(t) = A \cos(\omega*t + \phi)$$, oscillate w
Phase Difference in SHM
In SHM, displacement, velocity, and acceleration are sinusoidal functions of time with specific phas
Phase Shift Analysis in Damped SHM
Investigate how damping influences the phase shift in a simple harmonic oscillator.
Role of Resonance in SHM
A mass-spring system is driven by an external periodic force. Although damping is neglected, answer
SHM Kinematics in a Mass-Spring System
Consider a mass-spring system undergoing simple harmonic motion described by $$x = A \cos(ω*t+ φ)$$,
Small Angle Approximation in Pendulum Motion
For a simple pendulum, the small-angle approximation allows its motion to be approximated as simple
Synthesis and Application: Designing a Dual-Oscillator System
You are tasked with designing a system that integrates a mass-spring oscillator and a pendulum oscil
Analysis of Angular Velocity and Tangential Speed via Graph
A researcher examines the relationship between angular velocity and tangential speed for a point on
Angular Acceleration from a Graph
A graph of angular velocity versus time for a rotating wheel is provided. Use this graph to determin
Angular Displacement from Arc Length
A car travels along a circular track with a radius of $$50 \;m$$ and covers an arc length of $$200 \
Angular Momentum Conservation in a Rotational System
A figure skater is spinning with a given moment of inertia and angular velocity. By drawing in her a
Calculating the Center of Mass of a System
Consider a system of three objects with the properties indicated in the table. Compute the center of
Center of Mass Calculation of a Two-Object System
A researcher is analyzing a system composed of two masses on a lightweight rod. Mass $$m_1 = 3.0\;kg
Centripetal vs Angular Acceleration Misinterpretation
A student is performing an experiment with a rotating object moving along a curved path. The student
Compound Rotational System Analysis
A compound pendulum is built by attaching a rod (length $$1 m$$, mass $$1 kg$$) to a sphere (mass $$
Conservation of Angular Momentum Experiment Evaluation
A student examines the rotation of a system with no external torques and claims that angular momentu
Conservation of Angular Momentum Figure Skater Experiment Error
To simulate a figure skater's spin, a student sets up a rotating platform with adjustable masses rep
Constant Angular Acceleration Graph Analysis
This question requires you to analyze a graph of angular velocity versus time to extract information
Dynamics of a Rotating Cylinder on an Incline
A solid cylinder with mass 10 kg and radius 0.5 m is released from rest and rolls down a 30° incline
Dynamics of a Rotational Engine System
A rotational engine model consists of a flywheel (moment of inertia = $$5 \text{ kg*m}^2$$) subjecte
Energy Conservation in Rolling Motion
A solid sphere of mass $$2 kg$$ and radius $$0.2 m$$ rolls without slipping down an incline of heigh
Energy Transfer in a Rotating Pulley System Experiment Error
In an experiment designed to study energy transfer in a rotating pulley system, a mass is allowed to
Exploring Non-uniform Rotational Motion under Variable Torque
In an experiment, a rotating object's applied torque varied over time. The graph provided shows the
Linear and Angular Velocity Relationship
A set of rotating discs have different radii and measured angular velocities. Analyze the relationsh
Merry-Go-Round Rotation Measurement Error
A student analyzes the rotational motion of a merry-go-round by measuring its angular displacement a
Non-Uniform Rotational Acceleration Analysis
A rotating object experiences a non-uniform angular acceleration given by the function $$\alpha(t) =
Physical Pendulum Analysis
A uniform rod of length $$2 m$$ and mass $$5 kg$$ is used as a physical pendulum pivoted at one end.
Rotational Dynamics and Angular Impulse
An experiment applies short-duration force pulses to a rotating object, resulting in changes in its
Rotational Dynamics of a Physical Pendulum
A physical pendulum is made from a uniform rod of length $$L = 1.2\, m$$ and mass $$m = 2.0\, kg$$ p
Rotational Dynamics with Friction
A turntable with a moment of inertia $$I = 0.4 \;kg\cdot m^2$$ is subject to a constant frictional t
Rotational Motion in a Physical Pendulum
Consider a physical pendulum composed of a thin rod of length $$1.2 \;m$$ and mass $$5 \;kg$$, pivot
Rotational Motion with Variable Angular Acceleration
A rotating object has an angular acceleration given by $$\alpha(t) = 0.2 * t \text{ rad/s}^2$$, with
Satellite Attitude Control Using Reaction Wheels
A satellite utilizes reaction wheels for attitude control. One of its reaction wheels has a moment o
Torque and Angular Momentum in a Rotating Machine
A rotating machine experiences varying torques over different time intervals. Use the data provided
Torque and Rotational Equilibrium in a Seesaw
Two children are sitting on a seesaw. Child A (30 kg) is 1.2 m from the pivot, and Child B (40 kg) i
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Note Tips from Former AP Students
- Of course, make sure to run through College Board's past FRQ questions!
- Once you’re done with those go through all the questions in the AP Physics 1: Algebra-BasedFree Response Room. You can answer the question and have it grade you against the rubric so you know exactly where to improve.
- Reddit it also a great place to find AP free response questions that other students may have access to.